PSG has now secured the season-opening trophy on 14 separate occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele found the net in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille fired two times late to seize a surprise advantage. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital leveler in the dying moments to force the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving crucial attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored with composure for PSG to complete a convincing shootout victory.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the last 13 seasons.